WeChat turns to students to expand its presence in US

WeChat, one of China's most popular mobile-messaging applications, is turning to thousands of students studying in the United States to spread its usage across the country.

One of those is Xiaoxing Han, who graduated last year from Michigan State University. Han, 25, introduced her off-campus church to WeChat, which is owned by Chinese Internet giant Tencent Holdings Ltd. Now about 15 fellow members are using WeChat to stay in touch with friends and to alert the 4,000-strong Chinese community about church events.

"WeChat has everything," said Nick Setterington, director of international ministries for University Reformed Church in East Lansing, Michigan. "Maintaining personal communication with the international community through WeChat has helped me stay in touch with people better."

Han is one of around 274,000 Chinese nationals who studied in the US in the past academic year, many of whom have become informal ambassadors for WeChat by introducing it to non-Chinese friends and classmates, which is helping to lay the groundwork for Tencent to expand in the country.

WeChat has seen monthly active users grow to 468 million worldwide since its 2011 introduction, according to the company. About 3 million are in the US, according to GlobalWebIndex, a research firm based in London. The free app combines social and communication elements - a sort of WhatsApp meets Facebook meets Instagram - helping to spur its popularity. The app can be used in Chinese or English, with Chinese messages automatically translated into English with the click of a button.

"WeChat creates fast tracks to connect with Chinese students across borders," said Han, who majored in advertising and who now works at Michigan State as a communications coordinator. "It's a more intimate and less formal way to connect with people."

WeChat needs all the help it can get in the US, where competition is fierce as consumers gravitate to better-known American messaging apps including Instagram, WhatsApp and Snapchat. WhatsApp, owned by Facebook Inc, had half a billion users worldwide as of April.

Tencent's chief strategy officer, James Mitchell, said on an earnings call earlier this month that the Shenzhen-based company has experienced some setbacks in Western markets with WeChat and has found "it was proving hard to make headway" given the competition and costs of expansion.

The US, with its huge technology market, remains a target for WeChat. Tencent has opened an office in Palo Alto, California, and outside spokesman Alexander Verge said the company has established a small project team in the US to study the market, but he declined to elaborate.

WeChat is not relying only on informal ambassadors to push deeper into the US, but has also been working to foster student usage in the country, organizing a program at the University of California in Los Angeles last November to spur downloads of the app beyond Chinese users. During the two-week program, eight WeChat "influencers" used 80 pizzas, 1,000 WeChat-branded sunglasses and 200 WeChat T-shirts to raise the app's profile.

"WeChat wanted us to take it mainstream," said Patti Regan, chief executive officer of Regan Group, a marketing agency in Los Angeles that worked with Tencent on the program, adding that Regan is in discussions with WeChat to roll out more campus-based events this year.

One of the UCLA influencers was Kelly Yeo, an 18-year-old sophomore from Los Angeles, who said she was paid $25 an hour for her work. She said the campaign was a "very standard commercial" one and that she persuaded friends to download WeChat. They also participated in pizza party contests. Yet Yeo hasn't continued using WeChat, instead preferring to text and use Facebook's Messenger app.

"The only reason for using WeChat is geographical," she said, adding that Chinese students use the app while non-Chinese students do not appear to have as much interest in it.

Still, some of WeChat's US work appears to be paying off, with users increasing 11-fold in the US to 3 million since early 2013, according to GlobalWebIndex.

WeChat is "like the buzz around Alibaba - a name that looks at us from Asia that we don't know about but is well poised to enjoy further expansion," said Jason Mander, head of trends at GlobalWebIndex. "The race is heating up as other apps start to incorporate WeChat features."

Chinese students who adopted WeChat while in their home country are now set to be the foundation of the app's US push.

Henry Li, 22, a student from Beijing studying at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, began using WeChat about three years ago. He and fellow students at UNC and Duke University - including non-Chinese classmates - helped spread WeChat when they were part of a 39-person committee that planned an annual three-day cross-campus event on China-US relations in February.

"It streamlined work and life - it's the default communication tool for those interested in China," said Li, adding a few team members also began spending more time on WeChat. "Group work was made easier and fun."

Meng Meng, a 24-year-old recent graduate from the University of Southern California, who comes from China's Shandong province, became a WeChat advocate soon after she sold her car through WeChat this August. Meng mobilized more students to use WeChat to sell cars, reposting friends' car sale messages and asking potential buyers to join WeChat.