課文內(nèi)容

詞匯：Plastic surgery 整形手術(shù)

Everybody has looked in the mirror at some point in their lives and thought they could do with a?smaller nose or fewer wrinkles. Almost 10 million operations were performed in 2014, according to the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Eyelid surgery topped the list of the five most popular procedures, which included breast augmentation and rhinoplasty.

We hear a lot about cosmetic surgery these days. But what many people may not realise is that reconstructing someone's face has an ancient past. There are reports of treatments to restore a broken nose in ancient Egyptian documents.

Considering that safe anaesthetics and antibiotics were only discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries, it was a truly painful and risky business to go under the knife in the past. But as far back as the mid-15th century nose jobs were carried out using skin taken from the upper arm.

Plastic surgery went through a revolution during World War One. The trenches protected the soldiers' bodies, but many who stuck their heads up were exposed to explosions. New techniques were developed by Harold Gillies who ran a ward at the Cambridge Military Hospital in Britain, and later a whole hospital dedicated to helping disfigured soldiers. Many wounded men at that time couldn't stand looking at their own faces. There were no mirrors in the hospital. In parks near the hospital, some benches were painted blue to signal to patients with facial injuries that they could sit there. And it was a way of telling local residents to prepare for the shock of seeing someone with a disfigured face.

Plastic surgery has come a long way since then. It reconstructs what does need reconstructing but it also makes people with no particular problems feel more confident. Bigger breasts? Straight nose? Facelift? In many cases, cosmetic surgery isn't a necessity at all, just a choice. But when done properly by capable doctors on patients who have a realistic goal, it's believed that plastic surgery can heal psychological wounds almost as much as physical ones.

詞匯表

can do with 需要
wrinkle 皺紋
procedure 手術(shù)
breast augmentation 隆胸
rhinoplasty 鼻子整形
cosmetic surgery 整容手術(shù)
anaesthetic 麻醉劑
antibiotic 抗生素
to go under the knife 開(kāi)刀，做手術(shù)
nose job 鼻子整形手術(shù)
trench 戰(zhàn)壕
ward 病房
disfigured 毀壞了外形或容貌的
facelift 去皺整容手術(shù)，面部拉皮手術(shù)
realistic 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；合情合理的

測(cè)驗(yàn)與練習(xí)

1. 閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1. On which part of the body do people have cosmetic surgery the most?
2. Is a procedure to repair the bones in a broken leg an example of cosmetic surgery?
3. Which developments have made plastic surgery safer and less painful in our time?
4. How were members of the public living close to a plastic surgery hospital in Britain in the early 20th century prepared for the shock of seeing patients with face injuries?
5. Which noun in the article means 'person who lives in a particular area'?

2. 請(qǐng)你在不參考課文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。從每個(gè)表格中選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。

1. Mary's forehead and cheeks were making her look old. She thought it was time to have __________.

a nose job ? ? ? ? a breast augmentation ? ? ? ? a facelift ? ? ? ? a rhinoplasty

2. I have bad flu and the doctor told me to take __________.

antibiotics ? ? ? ? an anaesthetic ? ? ? ? a nose job ? ? ? ? a procedure

3. Peter needed some plastic surgery after the car accident. He had some bad ___________ injuries.

disfigured ? ? ? ? facial ? ? ? ? rhinoplasty ? ? ? ? facelift

4. The new hospital is very big. It has five __________.

trenches ? ? ? ? benches ? ? ? ? procedures ? ? ? ? wards

5. Janet is not afraid of going under the knife. Her surgeon is very __________.

safe ? ? ? ? unrealistic ? ? ? ? capable ? ? ? ? realistic

答案與詞匯

1. 閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。

1. On which part of the body do people have cosmetic surgery the most?
Eyelid surgery topped the list of the five most popular procedures in 2014.

2. Is a procedure to repair the bones in a broken leg an example of cosmetic surgery?
False. 'Cosmetic' is related to appearance and the repair of a broken leg has to do with walking and not looking good.

3. Which developments have made plastic surgery safer and less painful in our time?
The discovery of antibiotics and anaesthetics.

4. How were members of the public living close to a plastic surgery hospital in Britain in the early 20th century prepared for the shock of seeing patients with face injuries?
They knew that benches painted blue in the neighbourhood park were for patients with horrific facial injuries.

5. Which noun in the article means 'a person who lives in a particular area'?
A resident.

2. 請(qǐng)你在不參考課文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。從每個(gè)表格中選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。

1. Mary's forehead and cheeks were making her look old. She thought it was time to have a facelift.

2. I have bad flu and the doctor told me to take antibiotics.

3. Peter needed some plastic surgery after the car accident. He had some bad facial injuries.

4. The new hospital is very big. It has five wards.

5. Janet is not afraid of going under the knife. Her surgeon is very capable.