Since the Chinese government released its toughest air control plan, the State Council Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan, in 2013, North China’s Shanxi province has spent 3.4 billion yuan ($535.84 million) to combat air pollution, according to the province’s department of finance.

The province has invested a lot in better systems for air quality monitoring, emergency handling, a pre-warning system for heavy pollution weather, and projects for gasoline and gas recycling. For example, it has invested $1 billion for urban village reconstruction and centralized heating.