巴西世界杯半決賽，阿根廷對陣荷蘭是通過點球大戰（penalty shootout）決出勝負的。足球比賽中，如果有隊員犯規，裁判會根據具體情況對其進行口頭警告或作出任意球或出示黃牌、紅牌等不同級別的判罰，這些判罰統稱為penalty。今天，我們就來說說球場上跟penalty有關的表達。

Penalty area 禁區（罰球區）

The big rectangular area at the end of each field where a goalkeeper can handle the ball legally, it measures 18 by 44 yards; also called the penalty box, 18-yard box, or box.

球場兩端的大長方形區域，是守門員控球的區域，大小為18*44碼，也叫做penalty box，18-yard box或box。

Penalty kick 點球

A kick awarded to a team if any of its players is fouled inside the opposing team’s penalty area.

在對方禁區內被犯規的球員就會獲得點球。

Penalty shootouts 點球大戰

A method of deciding a winner in a football match if the scores are still even after overtime; each member of both teams take turns at attempting to score a penalty shot.

加時賽之后雙方仍為平局時決出勝負的一種方式，雙方輪流罰點球。

Penalty spot 罰球點

The bold circle in front of the goal where the ball is placed during penalty kicks: it is 12 yards from the goal line.

罰點球時指定在球門前球應該擺放的位置，也就是距離球門線12碼的地方。

Penalty arc 罰球弧

The half-circle at the top of the penalty area, and marks out the 10-yard distance players must maintain from penalty spot when a penalty kick is being taken.

禁區前端的半圓區域，標出了罰點球時其他隊員必須站在距離罰球點10碼以外的地方。

Penalty taker 罰點球者

The player assigned to take the penalty kick; this task is often relegated to the captain.

被指定罰點球的隊員，指定罰點球的隊員一般是隊長的職責。

（中國日報網英語點津 Helen）